Development of Sensitivity Term in Car-following Model Considering Practical Driving Behavior of Preventing Rear End Collision

In this study, the deceleration model and the sensitivity term were developed by considering actual driving behaviors to prevent rear end collisions in the car-following situations, especially in deceleration situations. Test vehicles capable of measuring the speed, acceleration, and spacing between the vehicles were used to collect data in the field survey. The deceleration model developed by linear regression has a high coefficient of determination (0.932) and for the goodness-of-fitness test of the sensitivity term, the chi-square test was performed under 95% confidence level. The results ( 24 . 68 74 . 59 2 05 . 0 2 = < = χ χ ) showed that the sensitivity term has practical significance. According to the results, the factor that determines the drivers’ characteristics in deceleration situations is the lapsed time until the driver starts to respond to the given stimuli. The results indicate that the lapsed time until driver reaction corresponds to the α value, which represents the drivers’ characteristics in the GM model.